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一 | Beginning next week, people wanting to enter certain public facilities in China will need to show proof of COVID-19 vaccination or of having a medical reason for not getting the shot, Li Ang, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Health Commission, told reporters on Wednesday.,The list includes museums, theaters, stadiums, gyms, and other entertainment venues; in addition, elderly people will also have to show proof of vaccination to enter community facilities such as game rooms. Restaurants and public transportation are exempt from the new requirement.,The new mandate is in addition to a standing requirement for residents of the Chinese capital city to get tested every three days and to need a negative test to enter public venues.,A year ago, when the Delta variant of COVID-19 caused the worst outbreak in China since the one that started the pandemic, and Beijing responded by ushering in the “Zero Covid” policy, the National Health Commission urged provincial authorities to keep the vaccination program “informed, consented and voluntary” and not to introduce mandates for public access, as many Western states had done.,However, that was before China succeeded at vaccinating 87% of its 1.4 billion-strong population, including 97% of Chinese adults, and before the Omicron variant caused the worst and most persistent outbreaks for China until now in the pandemic.,The change also comes as the NHC relaxes travel quarantine requirements for the first time since the start of the pandemic in early 2020, but also as Beijing health authorities indicated they were planning for “Zero Covid” to last another five years.,The NHC reported 427 new cases on the Chinese mainland on Wednesday, most of them concentrated in the eastern provinces of Anhui and Jiangsu, and no new deaths. The news brings the total detected cases on the mainland since the start of the pandemic to 226,176, while total deaths remained at 5,226. The situation has been less rosy in Hong Kong, a special administrative region with greater autonomy, and in Taiwan, where an autonomous government with foreign backing rules in defiance of Chinese claims of sovereignty.,Paradoxically, Chinese elders have a lower vaccination rate than younger generations. Last month, the Financial Times reported that Chinese cities had begun offering “vaccine insurance” to people over the age of 60, pledging to cover their medical costs related to any potential complications caused by vaccination. Some two-thirds of Chinese citizens over 60 are under-vaccinated, with 95 million not having gotten their booster shot as of June 5.,Ma Chaofeng, a health official in Shaanxi’s capital of Xi'an, told reporters on Tuesday that more than two dozen cases had been detected in the city and were identified as the BA 5.2 subvariant of Omicron. The city introduced new mass nucleic testing on Wednesday in an attempt to stay ahead of a larger outbreak, with most commercial and medical institutions remaining open as normal. Nonetheless, in the West, where essentially all pandemic mitigation measures have been discarded, the move was described as “Xi’an shuts back down.”,“The transmission chain is clear, the source is clear,” Pang Xinghuo, deputy director of the Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, told reporters on Wednesday about the imported cluster in Xi’an. “The outbreak is considered to be controllable overall, based on the existing epidemic development trend.”。

二 | K图 GOOGL_0 K图 GOOG_0 　　当地时间8月20日，谷歌宣布，其开源端侧模型家族Gemma的总下载量已突破10亿次。

三 | 这款由谷歌DeepMind推出的开源大模型，自发布以来，全球开发者基于它衍生出超10万个定制变体，形成名为“Gemmaverse”的开源生态。
　　谷歌列举了多个Gemma家族应用场景：从太空本地图像分析、医疗报告标准数字化、癌症创新治疗方案再到动物语言识别，Gemma家族模型正实实在在地应用到各个垂直行业。

四 | 　　其中，以Gemma为基座的模型在生物医药科研领域产出了多项标志性成果。谷歌一方面推出面向医疗场景的垂直模型MedGemma，支撑医疗报告结构化、医学影像辅助分析等应用；另一方面联合科研机构，依托Gemma底座攻坚癌症机制研究。

五 | 　　其中最受行业关注的是谷歌DeepMind、谷歌研究院与耶鲁大学合作开发的Cell2Sentence-Scale 27B（C2S-Scale）模型。　　传统的癌症疫苗治疗思路，是让免疫系统通过识别身份标签来识别敌人。但这面临一个“瞄准困境”：一般来说，肿瘤的“身份标签”取自肿瘤本身,但很多肿瘤细胞表面缺少能被免疫T细胞识别的、独特的“身份标签”（即肿瘤特异性抗原），同时，它们还主动穿上“防护服”（如高表达PD-L1蛋白），成为所谓的“冷肿瘤”。

六 | 结果就是，对于“冷肿瘤”，免疫系统即使大军压境，也像得了“脸盲症”，看不见敌人，或者看见了也被强行抑制，导致治疗无效。　　针对免疫治疗难以起效的“冷肿瘤”难题，C2S-Scale按活跃程度排序，将单细胞基因表达数据转化为类文本的“基因句子”，让大语言模型能直接“读”懂细胞。随后，该模型完成4000余种药物的虚拟筛选，预测出silmitasertib联合低剂量干扰素的用药组合。　　C2S-Scale锁定的候选药物中，仅10%-30%在过往文献中被提及，其余与筛选目标无已知关联。最终被选中的是silmitasertib（CX-4945），一种CK2激酶抑制剂。　　这一AI提出的全新治疗假说，后续在人源活细胞实验中得到验证，研究团队用模型训练时从未见过的人类神经内分泌细胞进行实验，结果是单独用药无效果，单用低剂量干扰素只有轻微提升，两者联用后抗原呈递提升约50%，证实联用方案可显著提升抗原呈递水平，属于少数AI产出全新癌症治疗机制并获得实验室验证的案例，有望提升肿瘤细胞抗原呈递能力，把冷肿瘤转化为对免疫治疗敏感的热肿瘤。